![]() Why did we use the hairless skin on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet? Because this skin is more sensitive than hairy skin, and therefore has a lower vibrotactile threshold. Vibro indicates vibration, tactile indicates the sense of touch, and threshold refers to the lowest level. These lowest levels are called vibrotactile thresholds. This was done for different musical notes. We used experiments to find the lowest levels of vibration that people could feel on their fingertips and the soles of their feet. This is important because musicians and singers spend many hours practicing their instruments. To avoid this problem, we investigated whether a person could feel musical notes at low levels of vibration that were safe over a long period of time. This can cause a permanent health problem called hand-arm vibration syndrome that makes a person’s fingers feel numb. Very loud sounds can damage the ears, so is vibration safe? When workers dig up roads using a pneumatic drill, they are exposed to high levels of vibration. Can We Safely Apply Vibration to Hands and Feet? These mechanoreceptors are not as sensitive as those in our ears, but they allow us to feel vibration for some sounds that can be heard with our ears. When we feel vibration, signals are sent to the brain by different kinds of mechanoreceptors that are underneath the top layer of the skin. Hair cells are called mechanoreceptors because they are receptive to mechanical vibration. Inside the inner ear, there are tiny hair cells that are sensitive to vibration, and they convert the vibration into electrical signals to be sent to the brain. These vibrations are sent to the cochlea in the inner ear by the vibration of very small bones. The pinna helps sound enter the ear canal, which is a short tube that leads to the eardrum in the middle ear. The outer part of the ear-the soft part on the outside of the head-is called the pinna. Our ears convert sounds into signals that are sent to the brain so we can identify them. There are 32 million deaf children in the world, so could vibration help them learn to play instruments and perform with other children? Our research investigated the range of musical notes that can be felt safely using vibration, and whether people can tell the difference between notes felt through vibrations. For adult musicians and singers who have hearing impairments, deafness can make it difficult to take part in music making. Many adults who use hearing aids or cochlear implants have difficulty listening to music. When practicing and performing, she can feel the vibrations generated by her instruments. Dame Evelyn Glennie is a famous percussionist who happens to be deaf. How did he do this? It is said that he put a wooden stick between his teeth and pushed it against the piano to feel the vibrations. The classical composer Beethoven composed some of his finest music when he was extremely deaf. This approach allows people to identify a musical note as being higher or lower in pitch than other notes, and it helps musicians to play music together. We have shown that vibration allows people to safely feel music on the skin. Our research has identified a safe way for deaf people to hear musical notes through the skin of their hands and feet. However, the human body can transmit musical sounds to the brain when vibrations are applied to the skin. ![]() It can be particularly difficult to perceive different musical pitches with a hearing aid or other hearing-assistance device. But if you are deaf (or hard of hearing) it is not always possible to listen to other musicians while trying to sing or play an instrument. ![]() Performing music or singing together provides people with great pleasure.
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